The Nuclear bomb works by splitting an atom or combining an atom. Both the process of splitting and combining an atom, large amounts of heat, radiation and energy are given off. From Einstein's theory of e=mc2, the amount of energy stored inside an atom is its mass x the speed of light to the power of 2. So, when a nuclear bomb containing lots of atom goes off, it gives off a huge amount of heat and energy which creates the explosion and a huge amount of radiation which slowly affects the people.
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